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23rd Sunday in Ordinary Time (A)

 Ezekiel 33:7-9, Psalm 95, Romans 13:8-10, and Matthew 18:15-20.

There is an old story about two brothers who lived on neighbouring farms. For forty years they had worked together, shared machinery, helped one another during harvest and eaten at the same table. Then, over a small misunderstanding, they quarrelled. Angry words were exchanged, pride entered, and for several weeks they stopped speaking. One morning a carpenter came looking for work. The older brother pointed to the stream separating the two farms and said, “My brother lives on the other side. Build me a high fence so that I will never have to see him again.” The carpenter worked all day. When the farmer returned in the evening, he was shocked. There was no fence. Instead, the carpenter had built a bridge across the stream. At that moment the younger brother appeared on the other side. Seeing the bridge, he thought his elder brother had built it. He walked across and said, “After everything I said, you still built a bridge! Forgive me.” The two brothers embraced. The farmer turned to the carpenter and said, “Stay with us. I have more work for you.” The carpenter smiled and replied, “I would like to, but I have many more bridges to build.” Today’s readings are about building bridges where sin, misunderstanding, anger and pride have built fences. Ezekiel tells us that we are responsible for one another; Paul tells us that love is the fulfilment of the law; and Jesus shows us how to correct someone without destroying him.

God tells Ezekiel, “I have made you a watchman for the house of Israel” (Ezekiel 33:7). In ancient cities the watchman stood high on the city wall. While everyone else slept, he remained awake. If he saw an enemy approaching, he sounded the trumpet. His responsibility was not to defeat the entire enemy army single-handedly; his responsibility was to sound the warning. God tells Ezekiel that if he sees danger and remains silent, he shares responsibility for the disaster; but if he gives the warning, he has fulfilled his duty (Ezekiel 33:7-9; cf. Ezekiel 3:17-19; Isaiah 62:6). This means that Christianity is never simply, “I will save my soul and you look after yours.” From the beginning of the Bible God asks us the uncomfortable question hidden in Cain’s reply: “Am I my brother’s keeper?” (Genesis 4:9). The answer running through Scripture is: Yes, in some measure, you are. We belong to one another.

A man waiting for his train noticed an elderly stranger struggling with two heavy bags. Everyone else was hurrying past, so he picked up one of the bags, walked with the old man to the correct platform, and helped him into the train. The elderly man thanked him and said quietly, “My wife died recently. She always travelled with me and carried this bag. Today is my first journey alone.” Suddenly, carrying a suitcase became much more than a small act of courtesy; for a few minutes, a stranger had helped carry another man's loneliness. We may never be asked to perform heroic sacrifices, but every day someone near us is carrying a burden we cannot see. Sometimes the simplest answer to Cain’s question, “Am I my brother’s keeper?” (Genesis 4:9), is simply to notice, to stop, and to help.

But being our brother’s keeper does not mean becoming our brother’s policeman. Some people enjoy correcting others so much that they seem disappointed when nobody is doing anything wrong! There is a great difference between a watchman and a fault-finder. A watchman warns because he sees danger; a fault-finder searches for something to criticize. The Old Testament gives us a beautiful example in the prophet Nathan. King David had committed adultery with Bathsheba and arranged the death of her husband Uriah (2 Samuel 11). Nathan had the dangerous responsibility of confronting a king. He did not enter the palace shouting, “David, you are a terrible sinner!” Instead, he told him a story about a rich man who stole the only little lamb belonging to a poor man. David became angry at the injustice. Only then did Nathan quietly say, “You are the man” (2 Samuel 12:1-7). Nathan spoke the truth, but he spoke it in a way that opened David’s conscience. David replied, “I have sinned against the Lord” (2 Samuel 12:13). Good correction does not humiliate a person; it helps him see what perhaps he has refused to see.

One striking example comes from the life of Abraham Lincoln. As a young man, Lincoln had a sharp tongue and sometimes wrote mocking letters about people who irritated him. In 1842, after he anonymously ridiculed Illinois politician James Shields, the insult became so serious that Shields challenged him to a duel. The confrontation was eventually prevented, but the experience deeply affected Lincoln. Years later, during the American Civil War, when one of his generals prepared an angry letter attacking another officer, Lincoln advised him to write the letter fully—but not send it. Lincoln had learned through his own painful mistake that truth spoken merely to wound rarely changes anyone. Sometimes a person needs to be shown his fault without being publicly shamed. Correction is most fruitful when it protects a person’s dignity while helping him see what he could not—or would not—see in himself.

This is precisely the wisdom of Jesus in today’s Gospel. “If your brother sins against you, go and tell him his fault between you and him alone” (Matthew 18:15). Notice the first word of Jesus’ method: go. Notice also where Jesus does not tell us to go. He does not say, “Go to your neighbour and tell him.” He does not say, “Go to ten friends and discuss it.” And, translated into modern language, he certainly does not say, “Put it on WhatsApp!” We sometimes practise Matthew 18 backwards. Jesus says: first, speak to the person privately; then, if necessary, bring one or two others; finally, involve the community. We often begin with the community, continue with twenty friends, post something indirectly on social media, and eventually—perhaps six months later—speak to the person concerned! By then everybody knows about the problem except the person who could have solved it.

The Old Testament had already taught the same principle. Leviticus says, “You shall not hate your brother in your heart; you shall reason frankly with your neighbour” and immediately adds, “You shall love your neighbour as yourself” (Leviticus 19:17-18). That is remarkable. Correction and love appear side by side. Saint Paul quotes that very commandment in today’s second reading: “Love your neighbour as yourself,” and concludes, “Love does no wrong to a neighbour; therefore love is the fulfilling of the law” (Romans 13:8-10). We sometimes imagine that love means never saying anything unpleasant. But suppose a doctor discovers a dangerous illness and says nothing because he does not want to upset the patient. Would we call that kindness? Suppose you are driving and your passenger sees that you are entering a one-way street from the wrong direction. You would not expect him to say, “I respect your personal choice.” You would expect him to shout, “Stop!” Sometimes love encourages; sometimes love comforts; sometimes love keeps silent; and sometimes love has the courage to say, “My friend, this road is going to hurt you.”

Saint John Bosco understood this particularly well in dealing with difficult young people. His educational approach became famous for relying on reason, religion and loving kindness rather than fear and harsh punishment. He knew that a young person is rarely improved by being publicly humiliated. Correction is more fruitful when the person first knows that he is loved. That principle applies far beyond schools. A husband can say the right thing to his wife in the wrong tone and turn truth into a weapon. A wife can make a legitimate complaint to her husband but choose the worst possible moment to make it. Parents can correct a child so constantly that the child begins to believe, “Nothing I do will ever be good enough.” Employers can correct workers publicly when a quiet conversation would have preserved their dignity. Before correcting someone, therefore, it is worth asking: “Do I want this person to become better, or do I merely want to prove that I am right?” Those are very different desires.

Jesus then says that if the person refuses to listen, take “one or two others” (Matthew 18:16). This comes directly from the Old Testament principle that a serious matter should be established by two or three witnesses (Deuteronomy 19:15). The purpose is not to assemble a stronger attacking force. Jesus is not saying, “If you cannot defeat him alone, bring reinforcements!” The others are there to bring wisdom, objectivity and reconciliation. Sometimes two people are so angry that each hears only what he expects to hear. A wise third person can say, “I think both of you are misunderstanding each other.” Many marriages, friendships, parish disputes and family quarrels could be healed if people sought a wise mediator rather than enthusiastic supporters. Unfortunately, when we are angry, we often choose advisers who will confirm that we are completely innocent and the other person is completely impossible.

There is also a warning on the other side: we must learn to receive correction. Psalm 95, today’s Responsorial Psalm, says, “O that today you would listen to his voice! Harden not your hearts.” It recalls Meribah and Massah, where Israel quarrelled with God and tested him in the wilderness (Exodus 17:1-7; Psalm 95:7-9). A hardened heart is not necessarily an evil heart. Often it is simply a heart that has stopped listening. We all like prophets until the prophet speaks to us. David probably admired Nathan when Nathan was correcting other people. Nathan became less comfortable when he said, “You are the man.” We gladly listen to sermons about the sins of the world, but become nervous when the Gospel comes close enough to knock on our own door.

There is a humorous truth in the story of the man who came out of church delighted and told the priest, “Father, that was a wonderful sermon. Everything you said applies perfectly to my neighbour!” That is one of the great miracles of preaching: a sermon aimed at us can travel over our heads and land on somebody three pews away. Psalm 95 therefore does not say, “Today, if your neighbour hears God’s voice.” It says, “Today, if you hear his voice, harden not your heart.” Before asking whom, I should correct, perhaps I should ask what God is trying to correct in me.

Saint Augustine offers us a powerful example. For years his mother, Saint Monica, watched her brilliant son wander far from the Christian faith and live a life that caused her enormous sorrow. She could not force him into conversion. She prayed, waited, spoke when appropriate and refused to give up hope. Eventually Augustine encountered Saint Ambrose in Milan. What first attracted Augustine was not an argument but the bishop himself and the way he taught. Slowly the barriers came down. Augustine was baptized by Ambrose in 387 and became one of Christianity’s greatest teachers. Monica reminds us that correction sometimes takes the form of words, but at other times it takes the form of patient prayer. We cannot change another human heart by force. We can speak truth, offer love and then leave room for God.

The story of Eli in the Old Testament shows the opposite danger. Eli knew that his sons Hophni and Phinehas were behaving disgracefully in their priestly ministry (1 Samuel 2:12-17, 22-25). He rebuked them, but his response was ultimately inadequate, and their corruption continued. God held Eli responsible for failing to restrain the evil entrusted to his care (1 Samuel 3:11-13). There are moments when silence is not peace but avoidance. A parent who sees a child entering serious danger, a friend who sees another being destroyed by addiction, dishonesty or destructive behaviour, or a colleague who sees grave injustice cannot always say, “It is none of my business.” Ezekiel reminds us that sometimes God places us on the watchtower precisely because we are the person who can see the danger.

Yet Saint Paul gives us the test for everything: love. “Owe no one anything, except to love one another” (Romans 13:8). What a strange debt! Normally when we finish paying a debt we celebrate. Paul says there is one debt we can never finish paying—the debt of love. Every morning God sends us another instalment notice: love your family today; love the difficult colleague today; love the elderly parent today; love the neighbour who irritates you today; love even the person you need to correct. Love does not mean approving everything another person does. Jesus loved Peter, yet said to him, “Get behind me, Satan” when Peter tried to turn him away from the cross (Matthew 16:21-23). Jesus loved Martha, yet gently told her that she was “anxious and troubled about many things” (Luke 10:41). Jesus loved the woman caught in adultery, protected her from condemnation, and then told her to leave her sinful way of life (John 8:1-11). In Jesus, truth and mercy are never enemies.

Finally, Jesus says, “Where two or three are gathered in my name, I am there among them” (Matthew 18:20). We often quote these words about prayer, and rightly so, but notice where they occur: in a teaching about broken relationships, correction, reconciliation and community. Christ promises to stand in the middle of people struggling to come together. When two angry brothers finally speak, Christ can be there. When husband and wife put aside pride and listen, Christ can be there. When a parent and child begin again after painful words, Christ can be there. When parishioners choose reconciliation instead of gossip, Christ can be there. We do not need a crowd for Christ to be present. Sometimes the holiest church in the world at that moment may be two chairs, two wounded people, one sincere conversation and Jesus quietly standing between them.

So, the message of today’s readings is surprisingly practical. If someone has hurt you, speak to the person before speaking about the person. If someone you love is walking toward serious danger, do not hide behind comfortable silence. If you must correct, do it privately, gently and with the intention of gaining a brother or sister, not winning an argument. If someone corrects you, resist the temptation to build a wall immediately; perhaps there is something worth hearing. And when words fail, pray. Ezekiel tells us to be watchmen; Psalm 95 tells us to keep our hearts open; Paul tells us that love must govern everything; and Jesus tells us how broken relationships can be restored. The carpenter in our opening story was asked to build a fence, but he built a bridge. During this coming week we will probably have at least one opportunity to do the same. Before repeating a fault, make a phone call. Before sending the angry message, wait and pray. Before judging, listen. Before correcting, ask whether love is speaking. And before building another fence, remember that Jesus is still in the business of building bridges.

-Satish Selvarance