The Christmas crib, also known as the Nativity scene, is traditionally attributed to St. Francis of Assisi. In 1223, St. Francis, seeking to help people better understand the story of Christ’s birth, created the first live Nativity scene in a cave in Greccio, Italy. The scene was designed to bring the Christmas story to life for people, especially those who could not read or were unfamiliar with the details of the Nativity.
St. Francis wanted to recreate the humble conditions of Jesus' birth and demonstrate the deep humility of God in becoming human. The live Nativity featured real animals and people, with St. Francis himself playing a central role. He also had a manger, hay, and a wooden statue of the infant Jesus placed in the scene to emphasize the simplicity and poverty of the Holy Family’s surroundings.
This symbolic act helped people better appreciate the significance of the birth of Jesus. Over time, the custom spread, and the depiction of the Nativity scene became a widespread tradition in homes, churches, and public spaces, particularly during the Advent and Christmas seasons.
The Christmas crib became a powerful visual way for Christians to reflect on the birth of Christ, focusing on themes like humility, peace, and God's incarnation in a lowly stable. Today, Nativity scenes come in many forms, from elaborate displays to simple figurines, but all retain the central elements of the holy family and the story of Christ's birth.